Loudness calculation procedure to study electronic steering column lock noise measurement

A Loudness Calculation Procedure Applied to Shaped Sonic Booms

The economic viability of a supersonic commercial transport airplane would be much enhanced if it could fly supersonically over land. Efforts to design an airplane to produce a minimized sonic boom at the ground require knowledge of the impact of ,sonic booms on people. Loudness, being a fundamental and well-understood characteristic of human he_zrin9, was chosen as a means of quantifying the m...

Friction Calculation and Simulation of Column Electric Power Steering System

Abstract—This study presents a procedure for friction calculation of column electric power steering (C-EPS) system which affects handling and comfort in driving. The friction losses estimation is obtained from experimental tests and mathematical calculation. Parts in C-EPS mainly involved in friction losses are bearings and worm gear. In the theoretical approach, the gear geometry and Hertz law...

ZF Active Steering in the Steering Column

Loudness Measurement and Control

Sudden changes in loudness because of loud commercials and variations in loudness levels between programs have been a major source of nuisance for the consumers. With the transition to Digital TV, loudness related issues have not only continued but are on the rise. Traditional techniques of loudness measurement are ineffective for digital broadcast. Techniques for digital broadcast need to be o...

The Measurement of Loudness

This paper reviews the available evidence (published and unpublished) on the relation between loudness and stimulus intensity. The e. vidence suggests that for the typical listener the loudness L of a 1000-cycle tone can be approximated by a power function of intensity I, of which the exponent is log•02. The equation is: L--kI ø.a. Intensity here is assumed to be proportional to the square of t...